Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a medical condition in which a man is unable to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual performance. While occasional difficulty is common, persistent erectile dysfunction may indicate underlying physical or psychological health issues and should be evaluated by a urology specialist.

Causes & Risk Factors

Erectile dysfunction can result from a combination of physical, emotional, and lifestyle-related factors, including:

• Diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart disease
• Reduced blood flow due to vascular disorders
• Hormonal imbalance, especially low testosterone levels
• Stress, anxiety, depression, or relationship issues
• Smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and obesity

Symptoms

• Difficulty achieving an erection
• Inability to maintain an erection during sexual activity
• Reduced sexual desire or confidence

Diagnosis & Treatment

Diagnosis of erectile dysfunction involves a detailed medical and sexual history, physical examination, and sometimes blood tests or imaging studies. Treatment options depend on the underlying cause and may include oral medications, lifestyle modification, hormone therapy, vacuum erection devices, counseling, or advanced urological treatments.

Prevention & Care

Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, managing chronic conditions, reducing stress, avoiding tobacco, and seeking early medical advice can help prevent or improve erectile dysfunction and overall sexual health.